Minimally invasive treatment for uterine fibroids

Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE)

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat uterine fibroids, which can cause pelvic pain, heavy bleeding, and other symptoms. During the procedure, tiny particles are injected into the arteries supplying the fibroids, reducing their blood flow and causing them to shrink.

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About Uterine Artery Embolization

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a state-of-the-art, minimally invasive procedure performed by interventional radiologists to treat uterine fibroids — benign tumors that form within the muscle tissue of the uterus. Fibroids can vary in size, from as small as a pea to as large as a grapefruit, and they often cause symptoms like pelvic pain, heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, and pressure on the bladder or bowel. Left untreated, these symptoms can significantly affect a woman’s quality of life.

Unlike traditional surgical treatments like hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) or myomectomy (removal of fibroids), UAE is performed through a tiny incision in the upper thigh or wrist. A small, flexible tube called a catheter is guided into the uterine arteries under X-ray guidance. Through this catheter, tiny particles are injected directly into the blood vessels supplying the fibroids. These particles block the blood flow, causing the fibroids to shrink over time while preserving the healthy tissue of the uterus.

The procedure typically takes 60 to 90 minutes and is performed under moderate sedation to ensure comfort. Most patients can return home the same day or may stay overnight for observation. Recovery time is relatively short, with many women resuming normal activities within a week. UAE provides a safe and effective alternative to surgery, with over 85% of patients reporting significant relief from symptoms such as pain and heavy bleeding.

Because UAE targets the specific arteries that feed fibroids, it is highly precise, leaving surrounding tissues unharmed. This makes it an excellent choice for women who wish to avoid surgery, retain their uterus, and reduce downtime from their daily activities. Furthermore, UAE is suitable for women of various ages, including those who are not candidates for surgical options due to other medical conditions.

Conditions Uterine Artery Embolization Treats

Uterine artery embolization primarily treats symptomatic uterine fibroids that cause:

Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
Pelvic pain or pressure
Enlarged uterus
Frequent urination due to bladder pressure
Constipation or bloating caused by pressure on the bowel
Pain during sexual intercourse
Lower back or leg pain caused by fibroids pressing on nerves

This procedure is ideal for women looking for a less invasive alternative to surgery, such as a hysterectomy, and those who wish to avoid a long recovery period.

Benefits and Effectiveness of Uterine Artery Embolization

UAE offers several key benefits:

Minimally Invasive: UAE involves only a small incision, reducing the risk of complications and promoting faster recovery compared to major surgery.
Short Recovery Time: Many patients return to normal activities within 7 to 10 days.
Symptom Relief: Most women experience significant improvements in symptoms like pain and heavy bleeding within a few weeks.
Preserves the Uterus: Unlike hysterectomy, UAE does not remove the uterus, which may be important for those considering future pregnancies.

Risks

While uterine artery embolization is generally safe, like all medical procedures, it carries some risks, including:

Abnormal bleeding or hemorrhage
Infection at the incision site or within the uterus
Injury to the uterus or surrounding arteries
Blood clots
Allergic reactions to contrast materials or sedatives
Post-embolization syndrome, characterized by pelvic pain, cramping, nausea, and low-grade fever, which may last several days
Premature menopause or loss of menstrual periods in some cases

It is important to discuss these risks and any personal concerns with your healthcare provider before undergoing the procedure.

Contact Us About Uterine Artery Embolization

If you are experiencing symptoms from uterine fibroids and are looking for a less invasive treatment option, uterine artery embolization may be the right choice for you. Contact our radiology team in Southwest Florida, Cape Coral, or Fort Myers to schedule a consultation and learn more about this effective procedure.

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